Asmaa Mohammed | Engineering | Young Scientist Award

Dr. Asmaa Mohammed | Engineering | Young Scientist Award

Dr. Asmaa Mohammed, Electronics Research Institute, Egypt

Dr. Asmaa Mohammed is a dedicated researcher at the Electronics Research Institute in Egypt, specializing in the design and development of advanced antenna systems for wireless communications, cancer detection, and material characterization. She earned her Doctoral and Master’s degrees in Electronics and Communications from the Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), focusing on MIMO antennas and breast cancer detection using antennas and resonators, respectively. She also completed a post-doctoral research fellowship at the Department of Communication Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan, where she worked on high-gain dielectric antennas for wireless communication.

Education:

Post-Doctoral Research Fellow (May 2022 – Oct. 2022)
Department of Communication Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Research Topic: High Gain Dielectric Antenna for Wireless Communication.

Doctoral Degree (Oct. 2017 – Nov. 2020)
Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Department of Electronics and Communications.
Dissertation Topic: Design and Development of MIMO Antennas for Wireless Communications.

Master’s Degree (Feb. 2015 – Oct. 2017)
Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Department of Electronics and Communications.
Dissertation Topic: Breast Cancer Detection Using Antennas and Resonators.

Graduate Studies (Oct. 2013 – Jan. 2015)
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Department.
Completed ten advanced courses in electrical and communication engineering topics.

Bachelor’s Degree (Sep. 2007 – Jun. 2012)
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Department.
Graduation Project: Wireless Control System.

Professional Profiles:

Google Scholar

Professional Experience:

Professionally, Dr. Mohammed has a decade of experience in microstrip circuit research at the Electronics Research Institute, progressing from Research Assistant in 2013 to Researcher since 2020. She also has teaching experience as a lecturer at Al-Azhar University, where she instructed courses on Microwave Engineering and Electromagnetic Fields. Additionally, her volunteering efforts as a reviewer for reputable journals and conferences, and as a co-chair at international symposiums, reflect her commitment to advancing her field.

Research Interests:

Dr. Mohammed’s research interests include developing MIMO antennas, dielectric resonator antennas, RF planar passive components, microwave imaging for medical diagnostics, and thin-film hybrid components. Her expertise spans simulation, fabrication, and measurements using state-of-the-art tools such as CST Microwave Studio, Keysight ADS, and vector network analyzers. She has published extensively in high-impact journals and international conferences and serves as a reviewer for esteemed journals like Alexandria Engineering Journal and International Journal of Electronics..

Skills:

Simulations

Electromagnetic: CST Microwave Studio.
Circuit: Keysight ADS.

Measurements
Fabrication of planar and DR circuits using etching technique, LPKF machine, and
3D printer.
Vector Network Analyzer (S-Parameters Measurements, Calibrations)
Material Characterization using DAK
Radiation pattern Measurements

Conference Presentations:

Gomaa, A., Afifi, A., & Abdalrazik, A. (2024). A Dual-Band Wide Axial-Ratio Beamwidth Circularly-Polarized Antenna with V-Shaped Slot for L2/L5 GNSS Applications. In Proceedings of the 6th Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES) (pp. 119-122). Giza, Egypt, October 2024.

Afifi, A. I., Abd El-Hameed, A. S., Ahmed, S. M., Allam, A., & Abdel-Rahman, A. B. (2021). Asymmetric EBG Decoupling Structure for Coupling Reduction Applications. In Proceedings of the 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). Düsseldorf, Germany, March 2021.

Afifi, A. I., Elsheakh, D. M., Abdel-Rahman, A. B., Allam, A., & Ahmed, S. M. (2019). Dual Broadband Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Slot Antenna for 5G Applications. In Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). Krakow, Poland, March 2019, pp. 1-3.

Afifi, A. I., & Abdel-Rahman, A. B. (2016). Ring Resonator for Breast Cancer and Broken Bones Detection. In Proceedings of the 28th Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC). New Delhi, India, December 2016, pp. 1-4.

Afifi, A. I., Abdel-Rahman, A. B., Allam, A., & Abd El-Hameed, A. S. (2016). A Compact Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection. In Proceedings of the 59th IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, October 2016, pp. 1-4.

Publications:

Asmaa I. Afifi, Anwer S. Abd El-Hameed, Ahmed Allam, Sabah M. Ahmed, and Adel B. Abdel-Rahman
“New Approach for Designing Quad-Port Single Element Dielectric Resonator MIMO Antenna,”
Computers and Electrical Engineering, vol. 120, pp. –, Dec. 2024.

El-Nady S, Afifi A, El-Hameed A, Anwer S
“Sugar and Salt Concentration Detection in Water Employing ENZ Metamaterial Microwave Sensor,”
Wireless Personal Communications, pp. 1-20, Feb. 2024.

Abdalrazik A, Gomaa A, Afifi A
“Multiband Circularly-Polarized Stacked Elliptical Patch Antenna with Eye-Shaped Slot for GNSS Applications,”
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, pp. 1-7, 2024.

El-Nady S, Elsharkawy RR, Afifi A. I., Abd El-Hameed AS
“Performance Improvement of Substrate Integrated Cavity Fed Dipole Array Antenna Using ENZ Metamaterial for 5G Applications,”
Sensors, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 125, Dec. 2021.

Darwish, M. A., Asmaa I. Afifi, Anwer S. Abd El-Hameed, H. F. Abosheiasha, A. M. A. Henaish, D. Salogub, A. T. Morchenko, V. G. Kostishyn, V. A. Turchenko, and A. V. Trukhanov
“Can Hexaferrite Composites be Used as a New Artificial Material for Antenna Applications?”
Ceramics International, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 2615-2623, Sep. 2020.

Asmaa I. Afifi, Adel B. Abdel-Rahman, Anwer S. Abd El-Hameed, Ahmed Allam, Sabah M. Ahmed
“Small Frequency Ratio Multi-Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna Utilizing Vertical Metallic Strip Pairs Feeding Structure,”
IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 112840 – 112845, Jun. 2020.

 

Conclusion:

Dr. Asmaa Mohammed is highly deserving of the Research for Young Scientist Award. Her contributions to the fields of wireless communication, antenna design, and biomedical imaging, combined with her academic achievements and international exposure, make her a standout young researcher. Her work is innovative, impactful, and multidisciplinary, addressing both technological and societal challenges. While there are opportunities for further growth in leadership, industry engagement, and public outreach, Dr. Mohammed has already established herself as a promising young scientist. With continued development in these areas, she will undoubtedly achieve even greater accomplishments in her future career.

 

 

 

 

Pallavi Singh | Engineering | Most Cited Article Award

Dr. Pallavi Singh | Engineering | Most Cited Article Award

Dr. Pallavi Singh, Hindustan Institute of technology and science, India

Dr. Pallavi Singh is a distinguished academic and researcher in Electronics and Communication Engineering at Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, India. She has over a decade of teaching experience, including roles at MANIT Bhopal and CMRIT Bangalore, and a year in the industry at Spice.Net Limited, Delhi. Her research focuses on optical technologies, including SOA-MZI-based systems for optical logic gates and communication. She has authored numerous SCI-indexed journal articles on optical computing and network systems. With extensive academic contributions, Dr. Singh continues to advance optical communication technologies.

Professional Profiles

Scopus Profile

Orcid Profile

Google scholar Profile

Professionals Experience

Pallavi Singh is an accomplished professional with extensive experience in the fields of engineering, teaching, and research. She holds a robust academic and professional background in Electronics and Communication Engineering. Pallavi began her career in the industry as an Engineer in the Technical Support Division at EIL Delhi, working with Spice.Net Limited, New Delhi, from June 2002 to August 2003. She later transitioned to academia, amassing over 10 years of teaching experience in prestigious institutions across India.

Her teaching tenure includes roles as Lecturer at MANIT Bhopal and CMRIT Bangalore, where she gained valuable experience educating and mentoring students. Since July 2018, she has been serving as an Assistant Professor (Selection Grade) at Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, a renowned Deemed-to-be University. Her teaching career is complemented by her research expertise, gained during her four years and five months as a researcher at Allahabad University, Uttar Pradesh, where she delved into critical areas of Electronics and Communication Engineering.

Research Interests

Pallavi’s research interests focus on advanced communication systems, signal processing, and electronic circuit design, aiming to contribute innovative solutions to the industry and academia. With a blend of industrial, academic, and research experiences, Pallavi Singh is dedicated to advancing the field of Electronics and Communication Engineering through her work as an educator, mentor, and researcher.

Publications 

“Robotic Surveillance Monitoring for Land and Underwater Security”

Authors: Manoharan, L., Singh, P., Kumar, V.V., Adhil, M., Priyan, S.S.

Year: 2024

Citations: 0

“Smart City Transport Updater”

Authors: Kavitha, C.B., Singh, P., Vardhan, K.L., Deepak, D.

Year: 2023

Citations: 0

“Neural Network Architecture for ROI Segmentation Based on Melanoma Detection”

Authors: Singh, P., B.c, K., Naveen, P., Reddy, N.K.

Year: 2023

Citations: 0

Journal Articles

“Light fidelity optical network a comparative performance evaluation”

Authors: Tripathi, D.K., Singh, P.

Year: 2023

Citations: 1

“Novel approach to jointly optimize working and spare capacity of survivable optical networks”

Authors: Singh, A.K., Arun, V., Singh, P., Upadhayay, K.K.

Year: 2023

Citations: 0

“Comparative study of all-optical INVERTER and BUFFER gates using MZI structure”

Authors: Singh, P., Singh, A.K., Arun, V., Tripathi, D.K.

Year: 2023

Citations: 4

Conclusion

Dr. Pallavi Singh is a strong candidate for the “Most Cited Article Award.” Her impactful contributions to optical systems and logic gate designs, coupled with a consistent record of publications in high-impact journals, highlight her excellence in research. Addressing minor gaps in collaboration and visibility could further solidify her candidacy for this prestigious recognition.

 

 

 

Aleksandar Jovanovic | Engineering Award | Most Reader’s Article Award

Assoc Prof Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic | Engineering Award | Most Reader’s Article Award

professor at Faculty of engineering University of Kraguejvac, Serbia

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic is a distinguished academic with extensive experience in transportation and traffic engineering. He completed his PhD at the University of Belgrade in 2017, focusing on Operations Research in Urban Transportation. His academic journey also includes an MSc and BSc in Traffic Engineering and Urban Transportation from the same institution. Dr. Jovanovic’s career encompasses a range of positions, including his current role as Associate Professor at the University of Kragujevac, Serbia, where he has been employed since November 2022. He has previously served as a Postdoctoral Associate at the University of Pittsburgh, and as a Visiting Scholar there. His earlier roles include Assistant Professor at the University of Kragujevac, and Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Banja Luka. His teaching experience spans undergraduate and graduate courses in traffic engineering, both in Serbia and the United States. He has been recognized with several honors, including a Professional Development Award in 2023 and the Best Paper Award at ICCMAE 2018. Dr. Jovanovic was also a recipient of the Serbian Governmental Scholarship from 2006 to 2017.

Professional Profiles:

📚 Education:

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic completed his PhD at the University of Belgrade, Serbia, in October 2017, specializing in Operations Research in Urban Transportation at the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering. Prior to this, he earned his MSc in Traffic Engineering from the same institution in October 2011. Dr. Jovanovic’s academic journey began with a BSc in Urban Transportation, also from the University of Belgrade, awarded in October 2010.

Pofessional Experience:

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic has accumulated a wealth of experience in academia and research. From November 2022 to October 2023, he served as a Postdoctoral Associate at the University of Pittsburgh’s Swanson School of Engineering. Prior to this, he was a Visiting Scholar at the same institution from August to November 2021. Currently, Dr. Jovanovic holds the position of Associate Professor at the Department for Motor Vehicles and Motors at the University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering in Serbia, a role he has occupied since November 2022. He previously served as an Assistant Professor at the same department from September 2018 to November 2022 and as a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, from March 2019 to October 2022. Earlier in his career, Dr. Jovanovic was a Teaching Assistant in the Department of Road Traffic at the State Engineering College of Applied Studies “Tehnikum Taurunum” in Belgrade from September 2016 to September 2018, and a Junior Teaching Assistant at the State Technical College of Applied Studies in Kragujevac from September 2013 to September 2015.

Teaching Experience:

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic has an extensive teaching background, spanning both undergraduate and graduate courses. At the University of Pittsburgh, he has served as a Co-Instructor for the undergraduate courses “Traffic Control Systems” in Spring 2023 and “Traffic Management and Operations” in Fall 2023. At the University of Kragujevac, his teaching roles included instructing undergraduate courses such as “Urban Transportation” from Spring 2018 to 2022, “Traffic Safety” from Fall 2018 to 2021, and “Informatics in Traffic Engineering” from Spring 2018 to 2022. He also co-instructed “Traffic and Traffic Roads” from Fall 2018 to 2020. For graduate students at the University of Kragujevac, Dr. Jovanovic taught “Informatic Systems in Traffic Engineering” in Spring 2018 to 2022, and “Operations Research Applications in Traffic Engineering” from Fall 2019 to 2021. Additionally, he provided a lecture on “Applications of Fuzzy Logic Systems in Traffic Signal Control” for graduate students at the Pittsburgh Intelligent Transportation Systems (PITTs) Lab in Fall 2021.

Awards And Honors:

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic has received several notable honors and awards throughout his career. In 2023, he was recognized with a Professional Development Award for his poster presentation at the Postdoctoral Data and Dine Symposium. In 2019, he earned the Best Paper Award at the International Conference on Computational Mathematics and Engineering (ICCMAE) 2018 in Timisoara, specifically in the Applied/Computational Mathematics section. Additionally, between 2006 and 2017, Dr. Jovanovic was a recipient of the Serbian Governmental Scholarship, reflecting his academic excellence and commitment to his field.

Skills:

Dr. Aleksandar Jovanovic possesses a diverse set of computer skills and competencies. In the field of traffic simulation and analysis, he is proficient with tools such as PTV Vissim (including COM and VAP), HCS+T7F, Synchro, and SUMO. For design tasks, he utilizes AutoCAD. Additionally, Dr. Jovanovic is skilled in scripting languages, including Matlab and Python, which he employs for various analytical and programming tasks.

📚Publications :

“Area-wide urban traffic control: A Bee Colony Optimization approach”
Authors: A Jovanović, M Nikolić, D Teodorović
Citations: 85
Year: 2017

“Green vehicle routing in urban zones–A neuro-fuzzy approach”
Authors: AD Jovanović, DS Pamučar, S Pejčić-Tarle
Citations: 82
Year: 2014

“Pre-timed control for an under-saturated and over-saturated isolated intersection: a Bee Colony Optimization approach”
Authors: A Jovanović, D Teodorović
Citations: 26
Year: 2017

“Ecology based network traffic control: A bee colony optimization approach”
Authors: A Jovanović, A Stevanović, N Dobrota, D Teodorović
Citations: 13
Year: 2022

“Fixed-time traffic control at superstreet intersections by bee colony optimization”
Authors: A Jovanović, D Teodorović
Citations: 12
Year: 2022

“The assessment and selection of suppliers using AHP and MABAC with type-2 fuzzy numbers in automotive industry”
Authors: N Komatina, D Tadić, A Aleksić, AD Jovanović
Citations: 11
Year: 2023

“Restricted crossing U-turn traffic control by interval Type-2 fuzzy logic”
Authors: A Jovanović, K Kukić, A Stevanović, D Teodorović
Citations: 11
Year: 2023

“Type-2 fuzzy logic based transit priority strategy”
Authors: A Jovanović, D Teodorović
Citations: 10
Year: 2022

“A fuzzy logic simulation model for controlling an oversaturated diverge diamond interchange and ramp metering system”
Authors: A Jovanović, K Kukić, A Stevanović
Citations: 9
Year: 2021

“Multi-objective optimization of a single intersection”
Authors: A Jovanović, D Teodorović
Citations: 8
Year: 2021

 

 

Ali Haider | Materials Technology | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Ali Haider | Materials Technology | Best Researcher Award

PhD student at  National University of Sciences & Technology, Pakistan

Dr. Ali Haider is a distinguished metallurgical engineer with an extensive background in research, education, and project management. He earned his PhD in Manufacturing Engineering from the National University of Engineering & Technology, Islamabad, and holds a Master’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering from NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, along with a Bachelor’s degree in Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Sciences from the University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore. Currently, Dr. Haider is associated with NUST University in Islamabad, where he has been contributing to the production and research of functional alloys since 2019. His previous experience includes a significant tenure at the Ibn-e-Sina Institute in Islamabad from 2003 to 2019, where he was involved in project management and the commissioning of manufacturing setups. He also served as a faculty member at Pakistan Steel, Karachi, from 1996 to 2002, where he was engaged in teaching and research at the Institute of Materials Sciences & Research. Dr. Haider’s research interests are diverse and encompass project management, installation and commissioning of metallurgical and mechanical equipment, and the development of dental casting alloys, magnetic alloys, and other specialized materials. His work in powder metallurgy, thermomagnetic treatments, heat treatments, steel rolling, and the characterization of engineering materials has contributed significantly to advancements in these fields. He is actively involved in research and development, focusing on materials development for various industrial applications.

Professional Profiles:

📚 Education:

Dr. Ali Haider earned his PhD in Manufacturing Engineering from the National University of Engineering & Technology in Islamabad, achieving an impressive GPA of 3.92 on a 4.0 scale. Prior to this, he completed his M.Sc. in Metallurgical Engineering from NED University of Engineering & Technology in Karachi, where he earned a GPA of 3.88 on a 4.0 scale. His foundational education in the field was established with a B.Sc. in Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Sciences from the University of Engineering & Technology in Lahore, where he secured 82% marks. Dr. Haider’s earlier education includes a Higher Secondary School Certificate (F.Sc.) from S.E. College in Bahawalpur, with 69.70% marks, and a Secondary School Certificate (Matric) from Govt. High School Khanpur in Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, where he obtained 71.2% marks. Additionally, he holds a Diploma in Information Technology from Sindh Trade Testing Board in Karachi, where he scored 74.5% marks. This diverse and robust educational background has equipped Dr. Haider with a comprehensive understanding of both theoretical and practical aspects of his field.

Professional Experience:

Dr. Ali Haider has been contributing to the field of metallurgical engineering for several decades, showcasing his expertise across various prestigious institutions. Since 2019, he has been associated with NUST University in Islamabad, focusing on the production and research of functional alloys. His work here highlights his commitment to advancing the knowledge and application of materials science. Before joining NUST, Dr. Haider spent 16 years at the Ibn-e-Sina Institute in Islamabad, from 2003 to 2019. During this period, he played a pivotal role in project management and the commissioning of manufacturing setups. His responsibilities included overseeing complex projects and ensuring the successful implementation of advanced manufacturing processes. Dr. Haider’s early career was marked by his tenure at Pakistan Steel in Karachi, where he served as a Faculty Member at the Institute of Materials Sciences & Research from 1996 to 2002. In this role, he was involved in teaching and research, contributing to the academic and professional development of students in the field of materials science. Overall, Dr. Ali Haider’s extensive experience encompasses various facets of metallurgical engineering, including academic research, project management, and practical applications in manufacturing and materials development. His career reflects a deep commitment to advancing the field and nurturing the next generation of engineers and researchers.

Research Interests:

Dr. Ali Haider’s research interests are deeply rooted in the field of metallurgical and materials engineering, with a particular focus on project management, installation, and commissioning of metallurgical and mechanical equipment. He has a strong interest in the metallurgy and manufacturing of dental casting alloys and magnetic alloys, highlighting his commitment to advancing these specialized areas. His expertise extends to powder metallurgy, where he explores the production and application of metal powders and their composites. Dr. Haider is also deeply engaged in thermomagnetic treatments, which involve the use of thermal and magnetic fields to alter the properties of materials for enhanced performance. Heat treatment processes, including the study of the effects of heat on the structure and properties of materials, are a significant part of his research. He is involved in steel rolling, a process critical for shaping and improving the mechanical properties of steel products. Additionally, Dr. Haider focuses on the characterization of engineering materials, aiming to understand and improve material properties through various analytical techniques. Dr. Haider is actively involved in research and development (R&D) on materials development, striving to innovate and improve materials for various industrial applications. His comprehensive research portfolio reflects his dedication to advancing the field of metallurgical engineering and contributing to the development of new and improved materials.

 

📚Publications :

Title: Ni-Cr-Mo alloy for dental prostheses with low melting temperature

Authors: A. Haider, O.F. Azam, M. Talha, S. Akhtar

Journal: Key Engineering Materials

Volume: 778

Pages: 301-305

Citations: 5

Year: 2018

Title: Effect of cerium on mechanical, metallurgical and biomedical properties of NiCrMoB dental alloy

Authors: A. Haider, S.H.I. Jaffery, A.N. Khan, N. Qadir, X. Jing

Journal: Journal of Materials Research and Technology

Volume: 24

Pages: 5082-5093

Citations: 3

Year: 2023

Title: Development of NdFeB magnet through hydrogen decrepitation

Authors: S. Akhtar, A. Haider, Z. Ahmad, M. Farooque

Journal: Key Engineering Materials

Volume: 442

Pages: 263-267

Citations: 3

Year: 2010

Title: Processing of silicon added Fe-Cr-Co hard magnetic alloy by two stage thermomagnetic treatment technique

Authors: A. Haider, S.H.I. Jaffery, A.N. Khan, M. Khan

Journal: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture

Citations: 2

Year: 2023

Title: Mechanical Characteristics of Boron and Cerium Added NiCrMo Non-Precious Dental Casting Alloys

Authors: A. Haider, S.H.I. Jaffery, A.N. Khan, N. Ulqadir, X. Jing

Journal: Materials Transactions

Volume: 64 (4)

Pages: 869-876

Citations: 2

Year: 2023

Title: Effect of Thermal Treatment on Coercivity of SmCo5 Sintered Magnets

Authors: A. Haider, S. Akhtar, Z. Ahmad, M. Farooque

Journal: Key Engineering Materials

Volume: 442

Pages: 250-254

Citations: 2

Year: 2010

Title: Characterization of NiCrMo dental restoration alloy

Authors: A. Haider, O.F. Azam, M. Talha, S. Akhtar

Journal: Key Engineering Materials

Volume: 875

Pages: 373-378

Citations: 1

Year: 2021

Title: Processing and Characterization of Beryllium Free Ni-Cr-Mo Biomaterial Doped with Cerium, Boron and Titanium for Dental Applications

Authors: A. Haider, S.H.I. Jaffery, A.N. Khan, S.I. Butt, X. Jing

Journal: Journal of Materials Research and Technology

Year: 2024

Title: Optimization of manufacturing parameters for Fe–25Cr–13Co magnetic alloy by using Taguchi technique

Authors: A. Haider, S.H.I. Jaffery, A.N. Khan, N. Ulqadir

Journal: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

Volume: 126 (3)

Pages: 1363

Year: 2023

Title: Electromagnetic flat sheet forming by spiral type actuator coil

Authors: S. Akbar, M.A. Aleem, M.N. Sarwar, A.U. Zillohu, M.S. Awan, A. Haider, …

Journal: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Volume: 146 (1)

Article: 012054

Year: 2016