Introduction: Earth and Planetary Sciences research delves into the understanding of the Earth, its processes, and its relationship with the solar system and beyond. It encompasses a wide range of studies, from the geological evolution of our planet to the exploration and analysis of other celestial bodies in the solar system and beyond.

Geology and Geological Processes:

Investigate the composition, structure, and dynamic processes shaping the Earth’s crust, including studies on plate tectonics, mineralogy, petrology, and sedimentology.

Climate Science and Atmospheric Studies:

Focus on understanding the Earth’s atmosphere, its composition, climate patterns, weather systems, and the impacts of climate change using advanced modeling and observational methods.

Oceanography and Marine Sciences:

Explore the vast oceans and their ecosystems, studying physical properties, marine biology, ocean circulation, marine geology, and the impact of human activities on marine environments.

Astronomy and Planetary Science:

Investigate celestial bodies beyond Earth, such as planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, examining their composition, structure, origins, and potential for supporting life.

Environmental Earth Sciences and Geoengineering:

Focus on studying the interactions between human activities and the Earth’s environment, with an aim to develop sustainable solutions for challenges like pollution, resource depletion, land degradation, and environmental remediation.